Trade openness

Imports plus exports as a share of GDP.

measured by: World Bank
originally from: National statistical offices and central banks
years covered: 1960–2025
subject: Economic

Higher is generally taken as better.

How this is measured

Exports plus imports of goods and services, divided by GDP. It is a measure of exposure rather than of policy: small countries are structurally high because more of what they use has to cross a border, and a large economy can be very open in law and still score low. Read it beside the tariff rate, which is the policy. Because it measures what an economy did rather than what a person is permitted to do, it is not in the economic freedom index — it is available to the builder and the formula editor, where you are the one deciding it counts.

Ranked for 2025

125 countries and territories have a figure for 2025. This is the most recent year the series covers well; the viewer holds every year from 1960.

#	Country	Region	Trade
1	Luxembourg	Europe	349.9%
2	Ireland	Europe	240.0%
3	Djibouti	Sub-Saharan Africa	206.3%
4	Vietnam	Asia-Pacific	190.3%
5	Cyprus	Europe	189.5%
6	Slovakia	Europe	170.3%
7	Estonia	Europe	155.8%
8	Lesotho	Sub-Saharan Africa	154.0%
9	Belgium	Europe	152.9%
10	Slovenia	Europe	151.9%
11	Netherlands	Europe	150.1%
12	Switzerland	Europe	147.2%
13	Lithuania	Europe	142.1%
14	Hungary	Europe	140.8%
15	Thailand	Asia-Pacific	138.4%
16	Libya	Middle East & North Africa	137.7%
17	Malaysia	Asia-Pacific	136.4%
18	Cambodia	Asia-Pacific	136.1%
19	North Macedonia	Europe	133.0%
20	Mongolia	Asia-Pacific	130.7%
21	Latvia	Europe	129.7%
22	Denmark	Europe	129.2%
23	Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	128.1%
24	Czechia	Europe	128.0%
25	Brunei	Asia-Pacific	123.6%
26	Kosovo	Europe	118.2%
27	Serbia	Europe	112.9%
28	Belarus	Eurasia	112.1%
29	Namibia	Sub-Saharan Africa	108.6%
30	Austria	Europe	107.0%
31	Montenegro	Europe	105.8%
32	Sweden	Europe	104.3%
33	Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	103.7%
34	Bulgaria	Europe	102.5%
35	Armenia	Eurasia	101.7%
36	Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	101.5%
37	Croatia	Europe	101.0%
38	Georgia	Eurasia	100.6%
39	Mozambique	Sub-Saharan Africa	97.1%
40	Poland	Europe	97.0%
41	Nicaragua	Americas	96.5%
42	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	95.1%
43	Mauritania	Sub-Saharan Africa	94.0%
44	Morocco	Middle East & North Africa	93.1%
45	Moldova	Eurasia	92.7%
46	Kyrgyzstan	Eurasia	92.4%
47	Congo	Sub-Saharan Africa	91.7%
48	Honduras	Americas	91.5%
49	Puerto Rico	Americas	90.5%
50	El Salvador	Americas	88.2%
51	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Sub-Saharan Africa	87.3%
52	Portugal	Europe	86.4%
53	South Korea	Asia-Pacific	86.4%
54	Gabon	Sub-Saharan Africa	84.9%
55	Greece	Europe	83.5%
56	Finland	Europe	83.4%
57	Iceland	Europe	82.5%
58	Mexico	Americas	79.9%
59	Azerbaijan	Eurasia	79.8%
60	Albania	Europe	79.5%
61	Norway	Europe	79.1%
62	Germany	Europe	78.5%
63	Ukraine	Eurasia	77.2%
64	Paraguay	Americas	76.5%
65	Romania	Europe	76.2%
66	Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	74.9%
67	Palestine	Middle East & North Africa	74.8%
68	Costa Rica	Americas	71.5%
69	Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	71.1%
70	Botswana	Sub-Saharan Africa	69.5%
71	Spain	Europe	69.5%
72	France	Europe	67.2%
73	Philippines	Asia-Pacific	66.8%
74	Burkina Faso	Sub-Saharan Africa	65.0%
75	Chile	Americas	65.0%
76	Canada	Americas	63.5%
77	Italy	Europe	62.5%
78	United Kingdom	Europe	62.5%
79	Gambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	62.2%
80	South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	60.9%
81	Iran	Middle East & North Africa	60.2%
82	Ecuador	Americas	59.4%
83	Saudi Arabia	Middle East & North Africa	57.9%
84	Uzbekistan	Eurasia	57.4%
85	Rwanda	Sub-Saharan Africa	56.7%
86	Côte d'Ivoire	Sub-Saharan Africa	54.6%
87	Madagascar	Sub-Saharan Africa	54.2%
88	Israel	Middle East & North Africa	53.0%
89	Central African Republic	Sub-Saharan Africa	52.9%
90	Peru	Americas	51.8%
91	Dominican Republic	Americas	51.5%
92	Egypt	Middle East & North Africa	51.3%
93	Uganda	Sub-Saharan Africa	50.2%
94	Turkey	Eurasia	49.9%
95	Uruguay	Americas	49.7%
96	Sierra Leone	Sub-Saharan Africa	49.1%
97	Mali	Sub-Saharan Africa	48.8%
98	Guatemala	Americas	46.5%
99	India	Asia-Pacific	46.3%
100	Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	46.1%
101	Australia	Asia-Pacific	45.9%
102	Indonesia	Asia-Pacific	43.4%
103	Nepal	Asia-Pacific	42.6%
104	Sri Lanka	Asia-Pacific	41.8%
105	Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	40.9%
106	Malawi	Sub-Saharan Africa	39.4%
107	Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	39.0%
108	Tanzania	Sub-Saharan Africa	39.0%
109	China	Asia-Pacific	38.0%
110	Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	37.5%
111	Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	37.1%
112	Colombia	Americas	35.4%
113	Brazil	Americas	35.3%
114	Angola	Sub-Saharan Africa	34.6%
115	Niger	Sub-Saharan Africa	33.9%
116	Russia	Eurasia	33.7%
117	Ethiopia	Sub-Saharan Africa	33.5%
118	Cameroon	Sub-Saharan Africa	33.4%
119	Argentina	Americas	30.4%
120	Turkmenistan	Eurasia	28.2%
121	Bangladesh	Asia-Pacific	28.0%
122	Pakistan	Asia-Pacific	27.2%
123	Venezuela	Americas	25.0%
124	Haiti	Americas	15.9%
125	Sudan	Sub-Saharan Africa	2.4%

Data by year

Show 66 yearly JSON rankings

Follow a year link to open the complete world ranking, including country names, values, positions, source and licence.

Source and licence

World Bank — World Development Indicators

CC BY 4.0. World Bank, World Development Indicators How every source was checked

Other economic statistics

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