Human Development Index

Life expectancy, schooling and income, combined into one score.

measured by: United Nations Development Programme
years covered: 1990–2023
subject: Society

Higher is generally taken as better.

How this is measured

The geometric mean of three rescaled components: life expectancy at birth, expected and mean years of schooling, and gross national income per person. Built to argue that income alone is a poor measure of development, and deliberately crude for that reason. UNDP recalculates the whole back series each year over revised inputs, so figures here will not match an older report.

Ranked for 2023

165 countries and territories have a figure for 2023. This is the most recent year the series covers well; the viewer holds every year from 1990.

#	Country	Region	HDI
1	Iceland	Europe	0.972
2	Switzerland	Europe	0.970
3	Norway	Europe	0.970
4	Denmark	Europe	0.962
5	Germany	Europe	0.959
6	Sweden	Europe	0.959
7	Australia	Asia-Pacific	0.958
8	Netherlands	Europe	0.955
9	Belgium	Europe	0.951
10	Ireland	Europe	0.949
11	Finland	Europe	0.948
12	United Kingdom	Europe	0.946
13	United Arab Emirates	Middle East & North Africa	0.940
14	Canada	Americas	0.939
15	New Zealand	Asia-Pacific	0.938
16	United States	Americas	0.938
17	South Korea	Asia-Pacific	0.937
18	Slovenia	Europe	0.931
19	Austria	Europe	0.930
20	Japan	Asia-Pacific	0.925
21	Luxembourg	Europe	0.922
22	France	Europe	0.920
23	Israel	Middle East & North Africa	0.919
24	Spain	Europe	0.918
25	Czechia	Europe	0.915
26	Italy	Europe	0.915
27	Cyprus	Europe	0.913
28	Greece	Europe	0.908
29	Poland	Europe	0.906
30	Estonia	Europe	0.905
31	Saudi Arabia	Middle East & North Africa	0.900
32	Lithuania	Europe	0.895
33	Portugal	Europe	0.890
34	Croatia	Europe	0.889
35	Latvia	Europe	0.889
36	Qatar	Middle East & North Africa	0.886
37	Slovakia	Europe	0.880
38	Chile	Americas	0.878
39	Hungary	Europe	0.870
40	Argentina	Americas	0.865
41	Montenegro	Europe	0.862
42	Uruguay	Americas	0.862
43	Oman	Middle East & North Africa	0.858
44	Turkey	Eurasia	0.853
45	Kuwait	Middle East & North Africa	0.852
46	Bulgaria	Europe	0.845
47	Romania	Europe	0.845
48	Georgia	Eurasia	0.844
49	Panama	Americas	0.839
50	Brunei	Asia-Pacific	0.837
51	Kazakhstan	Eurasia	0.837
52	Costa Rica	Americas	0.833
53	Serbia	Europe	0.833
54	Russia	Eurasia	0.832
55	Belarus	Eurasia	0.824
56	Bahamas	Americas	0.820
57	Malaysia	Asia-Pacific	0.819
58	North Macedonia	Europe	0.815
59	Armenia	Eurasia	0.811
60	Albania	Europe	0.810
61	Trinidad and Tobago	Americas	0.807
62	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	0.804
63	Iran	Middle East & North Africa	0.799
64	Thailand	Asia-Pacific	0.798
65	China	Asia-Pacific	0.797
66	Peru	Americas	0.794
67	Azerbaijan	Eurasia	0.789
68	Mexico	Americas	0.789
69	Colombia	Americas	0.788
70	Brazil	Americas	0.786
71	Moldova	Eurasia	0.785
72	Ukraine	Eurasia	0.779
73	Ecuador	Americas	0.777
74	Dominican Republic	Americas	0.776
75	Guyana	Americas	0.776
76	Sri Lanka	Asia-Pacific	0.776
77	Vietnam	Asia-Pacific	0.766
78	Turkmenistan	Eurasia	0.764
79	Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	0.763
80	Cuba	Americas	0.762
81	Paraguay	Americas	0.756
82	Egypt	Middle East & North Africa	0.754
83	Jordan	Middle East & North Africa	0.754
84	Lebanon	Middle East & North Africa	0.752
85	Mongolia	Asia-Pacific	0.747
86	Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	0.746
87	South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.741
88	Uzbekistan	Eurasia	0.740
89	Bolivia	Americas	0.733
90	Gabon	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.733
91	Botswana	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.731
92	Fiji	Asia-Pacific	0.731
93	Indonesia	Asia-Pacific	0.728
94	Suriname	Americas	0.722
95	Belize	Americas	0.721
96	Libya	Middle East & North Africa	0.721
97	Jamaica	Americas	0.720
98	Kyrgyzstan	Eurasia	0.720
99	Philippines	Asia-Pacific	0.720
100	Morocco	Middle East & North Africa	0.710
101	Venezuela	Americas	0.709
102	Nicaragua	Americas	0.706
103	Bhutan	Asia-Pacific	0.698
104	Iraq	Middle East & North Africa	0.695
105	Eswatini	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.695
106	Tajikistan	Eurasia	0.691
107	Bangladesh	Asia-Pacific	0.685
108	India	Asia-Pacific	0.685
109	El Salvador	Americas	0.678
110	Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.674
111	Palestine	Middle East & North Africa	0.674
112	Namibia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.665
113	Guatemala	Americas	0.662
114	Congo	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.649
115	Honduras	Americas	0.645
116	Timor-Leste	Asia-Pacific	0.634
117	Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.628
118	Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.628
119	Nepal	Asia-Pacific	0.622
120	Vanuatu	Asia-Pacific	0.621
121	Laos	Asia-Pacific	0.617
122	Angola	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.616
123	Myanmar	Asia-Pacific	0.609
124	Cambodia	Asia-Pacific	0.606
125	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.598
126	Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.595
127	Cameroon	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.588
128	Solomon Islands	Asia-Pacific	0.584
129	Côte d'Ivoire	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.582
130	Uganda	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.582
131	Rwanda	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.578
132	Papua New Guinea	Asia-Pacific	0.576
133	Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.571
134	Syria	Middle East & North Africa	0.564
135	Mauritania	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.563
136	Nigeria	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.560
137	Tanzania	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.555
138	Haiti	Americas	0.554
139	Lesotho	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.550
140	Pakistan	Asia-Pacific	0.544
141	Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.530
142	Gambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.524
143	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.522
144	Malawi	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.517
145	Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.515
146	Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.514
147	Djibouti	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.513
148	Sudan	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.511
149	Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.510
150	Eritrea	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.503
151	Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.500
152	Ethiopia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.497
153	Afghanistan	Asia-Pacific	0.496
154	Mozambique	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.493
155	Madagascar	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.487
156	Yemen	Middle East & North Africa	0.470
157	Sierra Leone	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.467
158	Burkina Faso	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.459
159	Burundi	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.439
160	Mali	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.419
161	Niger	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.419
162	Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.416
163	Central African Republic	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.414
164	Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.404
165	South Sudan	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.388

Data by year

Show 34 yearly JSON rankings

Follow a year link to open the complete world ranking, including country names, values, positions, source and licence.

Source and licence

United Nations Development Programme — Human Development Report

CC BY 3.0 IGO. UNDP Human Development Report How every source was checked

Other society statistics

Life expectancy Adult literacy Secondary school enrolment Government spending on education Health spending Health costs paid out of pocket Maternal mortality Women in parliament Women in the workforce Fertility rate Urban population Refugees who left Population